Etnobotânica de espécies medicinais de uma área rural do Estado do Paraná.

Mestrado Profissional em Plantas Medicinais e Fitoterápicos na Atenção Básica
Autor: Vaneza Paula Poplawski Carneiro
Orientador: Ezilda Jacomassi
Defendido em: 28/02/2020

Resumo

Ethnobotanical surveys are important tools in the discovery of new drugs, since they make it possible to obtain popular knowledge about the medicinal use of plant species. In this context, this study was aimed to conduct an ethnobotanical study of medicinal plants used by inhabitants of a rural area in a municipality in the State of Paraná. From May to October 2019, 91 interviews were carried out. For data collection, a semi-structured research instrument was used. Qualitative data analysis was performed using the software Stata 12. It was used frequency distribution techniques, graphs for qualitative variables and central tendency measure, the average. Also, chi-square test (χ2) was calculated to verify the association among variables, education and income in the use of medicinal plants at the significant level of 5%. Analyzing the profile of the interviewees, it was observed that they were mostly women (91.21%), born in the State of Paraná (59.34%), Italian descendants (58.24), farmers (58.24%) , Catholic (96.70%), married (72.53%), with incomplete elementary education (56.04%) and income of up to two minimum wages (58.24%). Interviewed obtained knowledge about plant species for therapeutic purposes from their ancestors: parents and grandparents (86.81%), use them for being natural (71.43%) and grow them at their house. The plants were separated according to the classification of the categories of use informed by the interviewees. The digestive system was more relevant, with 246 citations. The most-cited species were: Digestive System: Achyrocline satureioides (Lam.) DC; Nervous System: Cymbopogon citratus (DC.) Stapf; Circulatory System: Sida rhombifolia L.; Respiratory System: Adiantum raddianum C. Presl; Cardiovascular System: Rosmarinus officinalis L; Muscular System: Tanacetum vulgare L. Endocrine Syste: Smallanthus sonchifolius; Ocular System: Ruta graveolens L.; Urinary System: Equisetum hyemale L.; Immune System: Citrus Aurantium L.; Reproductive System: Origanum majorana L.; Cutaneous / Epidermal System: Aloe vera (L.). Through the results obtained, the aim is to contribute to the project for the insertion of medicinal and herbal plants in the municipality, in addition to providing the rescue and preservation of traditional knowledge of medicinal plants.

Palavras-chave

Popular Knowlwdge. Rural community. Medicinal Species. Natural products

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Abstract

The objective of this research was to conduct an ethnobotanical study of medicinal plants used by residents of a rural area in a municipality in the State of Paraná, Brazil. 91 residents of a defined area were interviewed, from may to october 2019. For data collection, a semi-structured questionnaire was used. Qualitative data analysis was performed using the Stata 12 program. In addition to descriptive statistics, the χ2 statistic (Chi-square) was calculated to verify the association between income and use of medicinal plants and education and use of medicinal plants. The profile of those surveyed exposed the prevalence of women (91.21%), Paraná (59.34%), Italian descendants (58.24), farmers (58.24%), Catholics (96.70%), married (72.53%), with incomplete elementary education (56.04%) and income up to two minimum wages (58.24%). Knowledge about medicinal plants was obtained from ancestors (86.81%). Plants are used because they are natural (71.43%) and are grown mainly on the property. The purpose of use indicated the digestive system as the most frequent target (33.70%). For each system, the most cited plants were: Digestive: Achyrocline satureioides; Nervous: Cymbopogon citratus; Circulatory: Sida rhombifolia L; Respiratory: Adiantum raddianum; Cardiovascular: Rosmarinus officinalis; Muscular: Tanacetum vulgare; Endocrine: Smallanthus sonchifolius; Ocular: Ruta graveolens; Urinary: Equisetum hyemale; Immune: Citrus sinensis; Breeder: Origanum majorana; Integumentary: Aloe vera.

Keywords

Popular knowledge. Rural area. Medicinal herbs. Natural products.